What drives a poor reputation for the Rogue class?

[LudicSavant]

This misses the point. The argument, (at least the one I am making), is not about martial vs spellcaster, but about what classes bring what tools to the group. Most of my games run long enough to go from 1-20. High CR creatures are tough. Many High level CR creatures have abilities that stun or cause the Frightened condition, or have other abilities that have to be be bypassed or negated before you can even start to effectively take them on.

The Titular Dragon, has Frightful Presence. An Ancient Red Dragon's Frightful Presence has a DC 21 Wisdom Save vs the Frightened Condition. If your party does not have a solution against the fear effect, then some PCs might be locked out of helping very much.

A Psi Warrior can Guarded Mind away the fear, buff the party with Bulwark of Force, and keep people alive/reduce Concentration checks for damage DCs with judicious use of Protective Field.

Bardic Inspiration is a great ability, D12 bonuses that last for 10 minutes and are triggered when the recipient of the BI choses are under-heralded in my opinion.

There are a bevy of non spell options that other classes have, that Rogues do not, that are quite useful.

A party that has a Paladin's Aura and Bardic Inspiration is setting itself up for success in regards to Saving Throws.....this is even before we talk about spells.

Artificers have Flash of Genius, and Spell Storing Items can be crazy.
If you really want to talk about good spell lists, the Artificer, Druid, and Cleric lists are rather good. Give a preparation class a Long Rest to swap out spells, and they can come back with a very different 'look'.

A well made and played Lore Bard can actually perform most spell casting roles, to greater or lesser degree, by themselves.

This is not arguing that a Lore Bard can solo a dungeon, but rather that they bring an incredible amount of tools to the table, spell based, and non-spell based.

Most Rogue's Toolkits are not that broad.

Adding to this: this narrow toolkit leads to a relatively poor monster matchup spread.

The scarier the single target, the more likely they'll have tools to make qualifying for sneak attack more tactically costly for you or your party that's assisting you. Grappling too, because of size categories. The aforementioned dragon would not only have fear, but also lair actions that can inflict poison or obscurement, blindsight, a legendary action disengage, a high flight speed, and possibly spellcasting too -- all of which can be used by a clever dragon to throw a monkey wrench in the Sneak Attack plan. This is doubly true when we add in off-turn sneak attacks to the mix.

But the less scary the target... the more likely there'll be multiples of them. Not only does the Rogue lack effective AoE, but they also lose more value than any other class to overkill damage (since so much of their offense is bundled up in a single attack).